Poland’s
capital city, rebuilt after its total destruction during
the Second World War thanks to the effort of its inhabitants,
now is the country’s chief economic and cultural center.
With a population of 2.1 million, the city is the biggest
one in Poland. Warsaw is the seat of the Parliament,
Senate and major political parties. Over the course
of the centuries, the city suffered from multiple fires,
foreign invasions and destruction caused by national
uprisings. World War II brought about serious damage
and a large part of the city was ruined. After the war
it was reconstructed and returned to its former splendor.
Warsaw is much more than just a collection of historical
monuments. It is also the cultural capital of the country.
There are over fifty museums and galleries here, as
well as over thirty professional theatres. Owing to
the important role of the National Philharmonic, Warsaw
is the main music center of the country. Many international
festivals and competitions take place here every year,
such as the renowned Fryderyk Chopin International Piano
Competition, the "Warsaw Autumn" International
Modern Music Festival, International "Jazz Jamboree"
Jazz Festival and the Warsaw Summer Jazz Days.
Educational travelers will surely enjoy a visit to Warsaw’s
Opera. The Warsaw Opera House has a worldwide reputation
for its first-class opera performances. An evening at
the State Opera is one of the most impressive events
any visitor in Warsaw can experience.
THE OLD TOWN-the oldest district of Warsaw dating
back to 13th-14th century-with medieval architecture
preserved, included on the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage
list. Completely destroyed by the Germans during the
Second World War, it was rebuilt after the war with
the former urban structure faithfully conserved. Here
you can find the St. John’s Cathedral-the mausoleum
of great Poles, the beautiful churches of St. Martin,
the Holy Virgin Mary and the most important square
of Warsaw-the Market Square. Every house in this district
has an interesting history and numerous legends. The
whole of the Old Town area is surrounded by fragments
of the old defensive walls ending with the 16th century
Barbican.
THE ROYAL CASTLE -located in the Castle Square where
stands the column of King Zygmunt III Waza, who moved
Poland’s capital from Cracow to Warsaw in 17th century.
The castle was bombed and burned during the Second
World War by German aviators and reconstructed in
the 1970s. You can visit here beautiful Royal apartments
and halls of the former Parliament and Senate. The
castle boasts one of the most magnificent art collection
of the city, including the famous views of Warsaw
by Marcello Bacciarelli and Canaletto.
THE NEW TOWN-built in the 14th-15th centuries. It
is an important tourist attraction. On Freta Str.
there is the Museum of Marie Sklodowska-Curie, the
eminent Polish scientist, two-time winner of the Nobel
Prize in Physics and Chemistry. From the New Town
you can go to the Krasinski Square where stands the
Monument to the Warsaw Uprising, dedicated to the
heroes of the insurrection of 1944.
KRAKOWSKIE PRZEDMIESCIE- historic street situated
on the Royal Route. Here you can find beautiful palaces
and churches. Going along from the Castle Square we
pass by the superb St. Anna’s Church with its classicist
facade and richly decorated Baroque interior and the
monument to the greatest Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz.
TEATRALNY SQUARE- here is the National Theatre built
in classicist style (drama and opera), one of the
largest buildings of the city.
UJAZDOWSKIE AVENUE- one of the most beautiful and
most important streets in Warsaw. Here there are located
government buildings (among them the Bureau of the
Cabinet) and numerous embassies. This used to be a
street of the aristocracy and rich bourgeoisie, from
which the historic houses and places remain. Here
are also located two most attractive parks in Warsaw-the
Ujazdowski Park and the Lazienki Park, founded in
the 18th century by the last Polish King Stanislaw
August Poniatowski. In the park you can admire the
Palace on the Water-the former summer residence of
the king, the Theatre on the Island-a copy of the
ruins of the ancient temple in Baalbek, the Sybil
Temple-an imitation of an ancient Greek edifice. General
admiration is always arisen by the Art Nouveau monument
to Fryderyk Chopin that presents the great composer
seated in artistic inspiration under a weeping willow
tree curved by the wind. In the back of the Ujazdowski
Park there is the Ujazdowski Castle built in the 17th
century, today it houses the Centre of Contemporary
Art, unique in Europe.
WILANOW- a splendid example of Baroque architecture.
Here you will find the Royal Palace-the residence
of the great Polish King Jan III Sobieski, victor
over the Turks at the battle of Vienna in the 17th
century. Original elements of the decoration of the
interiors have been preserved in the king’s apartments,
as well as the gallery of paintings. The palace is
surrounded by a beautiful park arranged in the Baroque
style.
NATIONAL MUSEUM- a collection of the most valuable
works of Polish and foreign wooden sculpture form
the antique period up to contemporary times, above
all Polish painting and also a unique collection of
Egyptian art from Farras. Among the foreign paintings
you will find there works of Botticelli, Canaletto,
Tiepolo, Cranch and others.
JOHN PAUL II COLLECTION-collection of paintings that
includes over 450 works arranged in thematic groups:
Madonna and Child, Bible and Saints, Mythology and
Allegory, Landscape, Impressionism. The authors of
these works include: Cranach, Rubens, Tintoretto.
Sightseeing in Warsaw:
The Old Town: the Column of King Sigismund III Waza,
the Castle Square, the Royal Castle, St.John’s Cathedral,
the Market Square, the Barbican, the New Town, the
Royal Route: St Anna’s Church, Univeristy of Warsaw,
Academy of Fine Arts, the Holy Cross Church, the former
Jewish ghetto.
Lazienki Park–the most beautiful palace and garden
complex in Warsaw, built by King Stanislaw August
Poniatowski in the late 18th century, with the famous
Chopin’s statue, Palace on the Water, the Old Orangery,
the White House, the Amphitheatre, Greek and Egyptian
temples, the Myslewicki Palace, the Musuem of Hunting.
Wilanow Palace-a splendid example of Baroque architecture,
former residence of the great Polish King Jan III
Sobieski, surrounded by a magnificent park. The palace
contains a rich collection of furniture, objets d’art,
ceramics and gallery of portraits.
National Museum-contains a collection of most valuable
Polish and foreign paintings.
Jewish roots in Warsaw:
Half-day guided tour of Warsaw: remains of the former
Jewish ghetto, Jewish cemetery in Okopowa Street,
Nozyk Synagogue, Jewish Institute, Warsaw Ghetto Heroes
Memorial, Umschlagplatz, Jewish theatre.
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